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Date: Sept. 8 (Saturday)

Mr. Kiyoshi Higuchi, Former Vice Chairman of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

　Students learnt importance of think global environmental issues from perspective of space as well as the fact that earth observation satellites are used to learn the current state of the earth.
　Earth Observation Satellites are used to gather data of environmental related data on planetary boundary. Approximately 80% of all data can not be obtained without Earth Observation Satellite. In the planetary boundary, biodiversity is in the dangerous area and urgent action is necessary.
　Environmental, economic and social issues are linked mutually and complicated. In order to create sustainable society, new values and philosophy of life is expected. In such circumstances, students learnt the importance of concept that each individuals has to be conscious and being responsible. The students were also interested in the story of the universe. They recognized importance of environmental issues.

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Mr. Minoru Komai, Director of Kobun Foundation/Founding Editor of Kobun Koten Shinyaku

1st session…Lectuerer shared how deep translation work can be based on his experience. Students learnt about his policy towards his job.

~Why classic literature is avoided?~
　Is it difficult to read classic literatures? Excellent classical works of the world are only works that are originally attractive.

~ Understandable translation, readable translation, enjoyable translation ~
　 In the past, reading classicals was regarded as part of the essential culture. The transliteration is difficult to interpret. This causes everyone to hate reading the classics. However, in this century, there is a classic new translation which has made reading the classics to become popular.

~ Shock from a new translation by Haruki Murakami ~
　A masterpiece "Catcher in the Rye" is a bold new translation book that completely changed the original work to a completely new book by a famous translator. The word "new translation" started spreading to the world from this occasion.

~ There are different ways of thinking and feeling in the world ~
　 With SNS, the flow of information that cannot be thought of in the past arises.
→ The diversity of values is made known.

~ Moving towards a time to learn about universality ~
　This is an era when encounters with cultural others were dramatically increased. It is necessary to cultivate the ability to catch that encounter more deeply. Therefore, it is not best to learn about the classical works of the world. Among the myriad texts of the same era, only the ones that have been passed through beyond the times would survive a classic new translation. The time has come to learn about its universality. The recent trend is the idea that "Since Japan has become completely enriched, there is no longer any place to learn from foreign cultures." It has become more and more important to have an interest in the world now. Not only the cultures of Western countries, but those of Latin America and African countries have also become subjects to be learned.

　Classics are always new and they can be read as exciting contemporary works. You may be frustrated about this when you are a high school student, so all the more you should touch the classics. It is thus then you would feel that the work changes in different ages.

2nd session ..."Hatsukoi"written by Turgenev /Translation by Kyoko Numano.
　This lecturer came last year too. Students realized depths of classic literature and they wanted to read more.

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President, Nihonshakaijigyo University · Professor Emeritus of the University of Tokyo Professor Naohiko Jinno

1. Knowledge is the understanding the "status" of living"
2. Learning about learning: Learning is a process in the human mind, an education in the "cultivation type"
3. Creating a "point" of a human: there is a "point" that is holding that person as he is. Humans are becoming human while in contact with other humans
4. The whole, not the part: the two approaches to pursue the truth
5. A market society is a society in which element markets exist: mechanism and structure of political system, economic system and social system
6. Destruction of the natural environment and human environment: the situation in modern times
7. Overcoming the "crisis" as a "ridge" in history: light industry → heavy industry → transition of brain industry
8. From "Ownership desire" to "Presence desire": "richness of things" → "richness of heart"
9. Social safety net to reinforce community human relations: family relationship as the foundation of society,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Swedish model: The state has a social view of "the people's home"

　The participants attended the above explanation session and discussed in the Law and History Study, Global Business groups, and had their queries answered.
　What is economics and what do you need to improve the Japanese economy? What about education? Relationships with AI? How to use the power of economics to keep power of the market system stronger? How do we live? Questions on the definition of the family, family relationships and the family were raised during the discussion. They also asked whether the Swedish model could be used. These questions were raised and commentaries and comments were respectively.received from the teachers.
　For the theme of economics, it also touched on the content of a wide range of fields including family and philosophy, and the students seemed to have deepened their knowledge through the discussion.

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Suzuka University of Medical Science President Mr. Nagayasu Toyoda "

　I talked about the next theme mainly while using the device that instantly knows what students were thinking by pushing a button on the PC.

1. Personal experiences that make one think about ethics

　There is a method of transvaginal delivery by fracturing a fetus with hydrocephalus (enlargement of the head) by trepanation (making a hole in the head and taking out the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, thereby making the head smaller), but this treatment can highly likely cause death. If someone does not agree to Caesarean section, is it ethically permissible to perform a trepanation operation?

2. Ethical dilemma posed by the trolley problem

　There are differences in ethics due to differences in processes for the same event.
　→ Difference between judgment by reason and judgment by emotion

3. Big differences in institutions around the world on the issue of abortion

　In Japan, abortion due to fetal abnormality is not allowed.
　(In many countries, it is allowed on request of the mother.)
　Is prenatal genetic testing premised on abortion ethically acceptable?

　There is no correct answer to any problem, and in reality there are many cases in which you will be pressed for judgment without correct answers.The students were able to think deeply about the various questions posed by the teacher during the group discussion. It will be necessary to continue to think about how to respond in various situations every day.

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